By SAM KNEW, MSW
If you’ve glanced at your television sets recently you’ve probably noticed the networks’ obsession with other people’s obsessions. From sex to over-eaters to hoarding to counting steps – we have witnessed people obsess with it all – and that includes people’s fear of STDs (sexually transmitted diseases). They live in fear, isolation and usually in silence of their obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). In some cases these individuals have worried themselves sick about getting sick.
This obsession of contracting an STD, such as HIV can be classified under the “chicken or egg” syndrome. In a society of billboards, TV campaigns and marches across every main street of the country pleading us to get tested and be protected, it’s no wonder so many suffer from this form of OCD. However, some feel a more accurate diagnose would be hypochondria (a belief that real or imagined symptoms are evidence of a serious illness, despite medical reassurance and other evidence to the contrary). What ever you call it, this fear can be so overwhelming it has scared some individuals sexless.
On the surface this may seem like a good thing – people holding out on sexual encounters, afraid of contracting an STD. But some mental health professionals point out this paralyzing and compulsive behavior can lead to more serious problems. This specific form of OCD is categorized as a “fear of contamination.” Individuals who suffer from this form of OCD usually have an irrational fear of being contaminated by germs, dirt, pathogens or anything unsanitary. This fear often causes people to take on compulsive behaviors such as constant hand washing, taking multiple showers a day, washing and rewashing clothing and other repetitive ritual actions.
The emotional and physical toll of this type of paranoia can set off a chain reaction of issues. This includes stress related illnesses, such as loss of appetite, ulcers, depression and sleep depravation. In addition, this fear makes it extremely challenging to pursue mature, healthy relationships – even with one’s own family and friends, much less romantically. The obsession can even take on a life if it’s own, for example some individuals feel compelled to be tested regularly, even daily, disbelieving negative results.
Oddly enough, a similar form of OCD may develop for individuals who have contracted HIV, or any other type of immune weakening infection. These individuals may develop social phobias (a fear of being criticized by others). Their fear may additionally lead to an anxiety disorder, with symptoms including: discomfort or pain in the chest; dizziness; nausea; cold or hot flashes; difficulty breathing; and physical tremors. These phobias can lead to individuals becoming so paralyzed and ashamed of their condition they may avoid seeking treatment. Additionally, a recent study identified that there is an increased risk factor of developing a substance use disorder (SUD), specifically methamphetamine (meth), in HIVpositive men who have sex with men (MSM), and suffer from severe forms of OCD. To make matters worse, studies show that meth use interferes with HIV medication adherence.
Treatment of this disorder can come in many forms. In some cases several forms of behavioral therapy, including exposure therapy – where clients are asked to confront their fears. In extreme cases psychosurgery may be considered. Less invasive treatments include the use of medication (usually in conjunction with therapy). Sufferers could also benefit from support groups and relaxation techniques such as yoga and meditation.